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Grade VDC Steel vs. Nickel 59

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 59 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is nickel 59.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
84
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
780

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
10
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
65
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
310

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.4
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
22 to 24
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 1.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
15 to 16.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
56.2 to 62.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.010