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Grade VDC Steel vs. Nickel 690

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is nickel 690.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
90
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
640 to 990

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
50
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
290

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
21 to 33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
20 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
16 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
27 to 31
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
7.0 to 11
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
58 to 66
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.015