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Grade VDC Steel vs. Nickel 890

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 890 belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 27% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is nickel 890.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
47
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
250

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.050 to 0.6
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0.060 to 0.14
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
23.5 to 28.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
17.3 to 33.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
40 to 45
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.2 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
1.0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.015
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0.1 to 0.6
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.15 to 0.6