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Grade VDC Steel vs. Type 2 Pewter

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 2 pewter belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is Type 2 pewter.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
13 to 23
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
52
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.35
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
19
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
52 to 68

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
69
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
300
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
240
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
220
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
75
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
210
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1220

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
3.9
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
2.0 to 2.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
4.3 to 5.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
3.4 to 4.4

Alloy Composition

Antimony (Sb), % 0
5.0 to 7.5
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.050
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
1.5 to 3.0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 0.015
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
90 to 93
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.0050