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Grade VDC Steel vs. N12160 Nickel

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while N12160 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is N12160 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
710

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
360
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1060
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1330
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1280
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
11
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
90
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
400

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
26 to 30
Cobalt (Co), % 0
27 to 33
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 3.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
25 to 44.4
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
2.4 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 1.0