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Grade VDC Steel vs. R30012 Cobalt

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R30012 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is R30012 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
86
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
830

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1280
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
480

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
23

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
1.4 to 2.0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
27 to 32
Cobalt (Co), % 0
47.5 to 64.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 3.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 3.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
7.5 to 9.5