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Grey Cast Iron vs. ACI-ASTM CG3M Steel

Both grey cast iron and ACI-ASTM CG3M steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG3M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 300
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.6
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 69 to 170
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 69
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160 to 450
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 98 to 290
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1380
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1180
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
20
Density, g/cm3 7.5
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
56
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 13 to 37
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 27 to 240
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 5.8 to 17
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 8.7 to 17
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.0 to 17
13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 3.1 to 3.4
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 21
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 93.9
58.9 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.7
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.9
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 2.5 to 2.8
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.040