Grey Cast Iron vs. SAE-AISI 4140 Steel
Both grey cast iron and SAE-AISI 4140 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4140 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness | 160 to 300 | |
200 to 310 |
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
190 |
Elongation at Break, % | 9.6 | |
11 to 26 |
Fatigue Strength, MPa | 69 to 170 | |
360 to 650 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
0.29 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 69 | |
73 |
Shear Strength, MPa | 180 to 610 | |
410 to 660 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 160 to 450 | |
690 to 1080 |
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 98 to 290 | |
590 to 990 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
250 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1380 | |
1460 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1180 | |
1420 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
470 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
43 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
13 |
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
7.3 |
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.9 | |
8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
2.4 |
Density, g/cm3 | 7.5 | |
7.8 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
1.5 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
20 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 44 | |
51 |
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 13 to 37 | |
74 to 180 |
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 27 to 240 | |
920 to 2590 |
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
13 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
24 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 5.8 to 17 | |
25 to 38 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 8.7 to 17 | |
22 to 30 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
12 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 6.0 to 17 | |
20 to 32 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 3.1 to 3.4 | |
0.38 to 0.43 |
Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
0.8 to 1.1 |
Iron (Fe), % | 92.1 to 93.9 | |
96.8 to 97.8 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
0.75 to 1.0 |
Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
0.15 to 0.25 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
0 to 0.035 |
Silicon (Si), % | 2.5 to 2.8 | |
0.15 to 0.35 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
0 to 0.040 |