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Grey Cast Iron vs. SAE-AISI A4 Steel

Both grey cast iron and SAE-AISI A4 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 69
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160 to 450
710 to 2050

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1380
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1180
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
59

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 5.8 to 17
25 to 73
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 8.7 to 17
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.0 to 17
23 to 67

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 3.1 to 3.4
1.0 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.9 to 2.2
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 93.9
92 to 95.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.7
1.8 to 2.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.9
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 2.5 to 2.8
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.030