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Grey Cast Iron vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

Both grey cast iron and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.6
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 69 to 170
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 69
74
Shear Strength, MPa 180 to 610
460 to 1210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160 to 450
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 98 to 290
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1380
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1180
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
8.0
Density, g/cm3 7.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 13 to 37
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 5.8 to 17
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 8.7 to 17
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.0 to 17
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 3.1 to 3.4
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 93.9
80.6 to 86.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.7
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.9
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 2.5 to 2.8
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0