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Hardened SAE-AISI A9 vs. Hardened SAE-AISI M4

Both hardened SAE-AISI A9 and hardened SAE-AISI M4 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the hardened (H) condition. They have 87% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is hardened SAE-AISI A9 and the bottom bar is hardened SAE-AISI M4.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Rockwell C Hardness 63
66
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2030
2150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 35
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.7
14
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 70
210
Embodied Water, L/kg 82
110

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 10
30
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 73
72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46
45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 9.6
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66
68

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.55
1.3 to 1.4
Chromium (Cr), % 4.8 to 5.5
3.8 to 4.8
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 87 to 90.5
75.9 to 81.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.3 to 1.8
4.3 to 5.5
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 1.8
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.0 to 1.2
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
5.3 to 6.5
Vanadium (V), % 0.8 to 1.4
3.8 to 4.5