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ISO-WD32250 Magnesium vs. SAE-AISI H21 Steel

ISO-WD32250 magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI H21 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ISO-WD32250 magnesium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 45
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 17
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 310 to 330
720 to 1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 340
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 980
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 26
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 13
23
Density, g/cm3 1.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 24
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
68
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
72

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 67
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 49 to 51
23 to 58
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 58 to 60
21 to 38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 72
7.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 20
24 to 59

Alloy Composition


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Carbon (C), % 0
0.28 to 0.36
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.0 to 3.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0
87.6 to 93.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 94.9 to 97.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
8.5 to 10
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Zinc (Zn), % 2.5 to 4.0
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.45 to 0.8
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.3
0