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Nickel 684 vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Nickel 684 belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is nickel 684 and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 310
140 to 160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 390
190 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 710
300 to 330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1190
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 800
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1000
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1370
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1320
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 75
2.8
Density, g/cm3 8.3
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 10
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 360
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1610
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 30
17 to 18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 34
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.3
0
Boron (B), % 0.0030 to 0.010
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 15 to 20
0.8 to 1.2
Cobalt (Co), % 13 to 20
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.15
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 4.0
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.75
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 3.0 to 5.0
0.45 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 42.7 to 64
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 2.5 to 3.3
0