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SAE-AISI 1012 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1140 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1012 steel and SAE-AISI 1140 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1140 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 100 to 110
170 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 31
14 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150 to 230
230 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 45 to 57
39 to 46
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 230 to 250
370 to 420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 400
600 to 700
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200 to 330
340 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 6.9
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.9
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 80 to 93
89 to 93
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 300
310 to 870
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 14
21 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 15
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 13
18 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.1 to 0.15
0.37 to 0.44
Iron (Fe), % 99.16 to 99.6
98.4 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.7 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0.080 to 0.13

Comparable Variants