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SAE-AISI 1012 Steel vs. S21904 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1012 steel and S21904 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel and the bottom bar is S21904 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 100 to 110
210 to 300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 31
17 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150 to 230
380 to 550
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 230 to 250
510 to 620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 400
700 to 1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200 to 330
390 to 910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 6.9
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.9
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
15
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 80 to 93
160 to 310
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 300
380 to 2070
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 14
25 to 36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 15
23 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 13
15 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.1 to 0.15
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0
19 to 21.5
Iron (Fe), % 99.16 to 99.6
59.5 to 67.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
8.0 to 10
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030