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SAE-AISI 1012 Steel vs. S32304 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1012 steel and S32304 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel and the bottom bar is S32304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 100 to 110
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 31
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150 to 230
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 230 to 250
440
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 400
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200 to 330
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1050
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 6.9
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.9
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
14
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 80 to 93
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 300
520
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 14
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 15
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 13
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.1 to 0.15
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
21.5 to 24.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.050 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 99.16 to 99.6
65 to 75.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.050 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.0 to 5.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.050 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030