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SAE-AISI 1012 Steel vs. S40945 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1012 steel and S40945 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel and the bottom bar is S40945 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 100 to 110
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 31
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150 to 230
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Shear Strength, MPa 230 to 250
270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 400
430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200 to 330
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 6.9
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.9
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
8.0
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
94

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 80 to 93
89
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 300
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 14
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 15
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 13
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.1 to 0.15
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
10.5 to 11.7
Iron (Fe), % 99.16 to 99.6
85.1 to 89.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.18 to 0.4
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.050 to 0.2