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SAE-AISI 1018 Steel vs. AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1018 steel and AISI 304 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1018 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 140
170 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 27
8.0 to 43
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 270
210 to 440
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 300
400 to 690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430 to 480
580 to 1180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 400
230 to 860

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
15
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 75 to 100
86 to 250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150 to 430
140 to 1870
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 17
21 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
20 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.2
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 98.8 to 99.25
66.5 to 74
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030