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SAE-AISI 1020 Steel vs. 1230A Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1020 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1230A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1020 steel and the bottom bar is 1230A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 28
4.5 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 250
35 to 74
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 280
59 to 99
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430 to 460
89 to 170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 380
29 to 150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
640
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 11
60
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 12
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
1190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 72 to 100
6.4 to 23
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150 to 380
5.9 to 150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 16
9.1 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
16 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
93
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 14
4.0 to 7.6

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.3 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 99.08 to 99.52
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.050