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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. AISI 304LN Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and AISI 304LN stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304LN stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
190 to 350
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
7.8 to 46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
200 to 440
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
400 to 680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
580 to 1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
230 to 870

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
83 to 270
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
140 to 1900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
21 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
20 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
13 to 26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
65 to 73.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 12
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.1 to 0.16
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030