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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade L Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and ASTM A372 grade L steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
350
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
670
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
700
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
2890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
34

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
95.2 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.010