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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1018 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and SAE-AISI 1018 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1018 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
130 to 140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
17 to 27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
180 to 270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 45
45 to 57
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
280 to 300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
430 to 480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
240 to 400

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
75 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
150 to 430
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
15 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
16 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0.15 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
98.8 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants