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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. S45000 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and S45000 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 76% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is S45000 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
280 to 410
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
6.8 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
330 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 45
22 to 50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
590 to 830
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
980 to 1410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
580 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
840
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
13
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
39
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
94 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
850 to 4400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
35 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
28 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
33 to 47

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0
14 to 16
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.3 to 1.8
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
72.1 to 79.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030