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SAE-AISI 1050 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1050 steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1050 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 220
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 17
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 260 to 400
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 470
370 to 500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 790
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390 to 650
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 81 to 100
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400 to 1130
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 28
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 24
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22 to 25
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.55
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 98.9
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040