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SAE-AISI 1078 Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1078 steel and ASTM A387 grade 21 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1078 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 230
150 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 14
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270 to 350
160 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
74
Shear Strength, MPa 440 to 470
310 to 370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 730 to 780
500 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 570
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
4.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
62

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 77 to 90
84 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 490 to 860
140 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 28
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 24
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 26
14 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.72 to 0.85
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
94.4 to 96
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.025