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SAE-AISI 1078 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4042 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1078 steel and SAE-AISI 4042 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1078 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4042 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 230
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 14
13
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270 to 350
360
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 440 to 470
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 730 to 780
680
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 570
570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 77 to 90
81
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 490 to 860
860
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 28
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 24
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 26
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.72 to 0.85
0.4 to 0.45
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
97.9 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040