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SAE-AISI 1084 Steel vs. AISI 409 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1084 steel and AISI 409 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1084 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 409 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 370
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
75
Shear Strength, MPa 470 to 550
270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780 to 930
420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 510 to 600
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
6.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
94

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 81 to 89
83
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700 to 960
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 33
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 30
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.8 to 0.93
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
10.5 to 11.7
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 98.6
84.9 to 89.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.75