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SAE-AISI 1086 Steel vs. 1050A Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1086 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1050A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1086 steel and the bottom bar is 1050A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 260
20 to 45
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 11
1.1 to 33
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300 to 360
22 to 55
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 450 to 520
44 to 97
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 870
68 to 170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 480 to 580
22 to 150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
650
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
59
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
1200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 84
1.9 to 19
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 610 to 890
3.7 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 31
6.9 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 26
14 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
94
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 30
3.0 to 7.6

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.5 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.8 to 0.93
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 98.9
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.5
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.070