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SAE-AISI 1086 Steel vs. 6012 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1086 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 6012 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1086 steel and the bottom bar is 6012 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 11
9.1 to 11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300 to 360
55 to 100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 450 to 520
130 to 190
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 870
220 to 320
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 480 to 580
110 to 260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
45
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 84
21 to 28
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 610 to 890
94 to 480
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
48
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 31
22 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 26
29 to 37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
62
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 30
10 to 14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
92.2 to 98
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.7
Carbon (C), % 0.8 to 0.93
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 98.9
0 to 0.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0.4 to 2.0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.6 to 1.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.5
0.4 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.6 to 1.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.3
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15