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SAE-AISI 1086 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1086 steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1086 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 260
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300 to 360
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
72
Shear Strength, MPa 450 to 520
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 870
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 480 to 580
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 84
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 610 to 890
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 31
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 26
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 30
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.8 to 0.93
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 98.9
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.5
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.012
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1