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SAE-AISI 1137 Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1137 steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1137 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 210
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 17
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 400
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 34 to 39
39
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 460
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 700 to 760
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 370 to 650
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 10
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 12
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 81 to 100
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 360 to 1130
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 27
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 24
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21 to 23
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.32 to 0.39
0 to 0.55
Iron (Fe), % 97.8 to 98.3
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 1.4 to 1.7
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0.080 to 0.13
0 to 0.050