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SAE-AISI 1140 Steel vs. 1050A Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1140 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1050A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1140 steel and the bottom bar is 1050A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 180
20 to 45
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 14 to 18
1.1 to 33
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 370
22 to 55
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 420
44 to 97
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 700
68 to 170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 340 to 570
22 to 150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
650
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
59
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 89 to 93
1.9 to 19
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 310 to 870
3.7 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
6.9 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
14 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
94
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 21
3.0 to 7.6

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.5 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 98.4 to 98.9
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0.080 to 0.13
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.070