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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. AISI 405 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4012 steel and AISI 405 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 405 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 270
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11.5 to 14.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
82.5 to 88.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030