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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. AWS E307

Both SAE-AISI 4012 steel and AWS E307 are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E307.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
660

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
160

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0.040 to 0.14
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 21.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
59.6 to 69.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
3.3 to 4.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0.5 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 10.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030