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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. EN 2.4878 Nickel

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4878 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4878 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
13 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
400 to 410
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 270
750 to 760
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
1210 to 1250
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
740 to 780

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1030
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
11
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
80
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
370

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
150 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
1370 to 1540
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
41 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
37 to 39

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
1.2 to 1.6
Boron (B), % 0
0.010 to 0.015
Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0.030 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 0
23 to 25
Cobalt (Co), % 0
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
0 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
1.0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
43.6 to 52.2
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.0070
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0
2.8 to 3.2
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.030 to 0.070