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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. Nickel 684

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 684 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 684.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
390
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 270
710
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
1190
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
800

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
75
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
1610
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
30
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
34

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.5 to 3.3
Boron (B), % 0
0.0030 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
15 to 20
Cobalt (Co), % 0
13 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
0 to 4.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
3.0 to 5.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
42.7 to 64
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
2.5 to 3.3