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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. Type 4 Magnetic Alloy

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 magnetic alloy.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
2.0 to 40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
220 to 400
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 270
420 to 630
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
620 to 1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
270 to 1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
60
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
22 to 200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
190 to 2840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
19 to 35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
18 to 27
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
21 to 37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
9.5 to 17.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
3.5 to 6.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
79 to 82
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020