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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. C91600 Bronze

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C91600 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is C91600 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
84
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 23
11
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
41
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
160

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
190
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1030
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
860
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
370
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
71
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
10
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
10

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
36
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
61
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
390

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
30
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.0
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
9.9
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
12
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.2
Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
85.9 to 89.1
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
0 to 0.2
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.3
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050
Tin (Sn), % 0
9.7 to 10.8
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25