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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. S21800 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4012 steel and S21800 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 63% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is S21800 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Shear Strength, MPa 270
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
340
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
500
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
59.1 to 65.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
7.0 to 9.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 9.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.18
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
3.5 to 4.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030