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SAE-AISI 4042 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1078 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4042 steel and SAE-AISI 1078 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4042 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1078 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
220 to 230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13
11 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 360
270 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 410
440 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
730 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 570
430 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 81
77 to 90
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 860
490 to 860
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
26 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
25 to 26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.45
0.72 to 0.85
Iron (Fe), % 97.9 to 98.6
98.5 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050