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SAE-AISI 4042 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 5130 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4042 steel and SAE-AISI 5130 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4042 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 5130 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
150 to 190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13
12 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 360
230 to 330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 410
310 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
500 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 570
330 to 530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 81
74 to 98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 860
290 to 750
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
18 to 23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
18 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
16 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.45
0.28 to 0.33
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 97.9 to 98.6
97.2 to 98.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040