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SAE-AISI 4140 Steel vs. S31655 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4140 steel and S31655 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4140 steel and the bottom bar is S31655 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 310
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 26
39
Fatigue Strength, MPa 360 to 650
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 660
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1080
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 590 to 990
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
46
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 74 to 180
230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 920 to 2590
310
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 38
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 30
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 32
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
19.5 to 21.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.8
63.2 to 71.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0.5 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 9.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015