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SAE-AISI 4142 Steel vs. AISI 305 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4142 steel and AISI 305 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4142 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 305 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180
170 to 220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
34 to 45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250
210 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 370
400 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
580 to 710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 370
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
540
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
200 to 210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 360
130 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
20 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
20 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
13 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.45
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
17 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.8
65.1 to 72.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10.5 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030