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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. CR025A Copper

SAE-AISI 4320 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CR025A copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is CR025A copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
15
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
230
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1090
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1040
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
370
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
99
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
99

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
31
Density, g/cm3 7.9
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
320

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
31
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
83
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
7.1
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
9.3
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
8.1

Alloy Composition

Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.00050
Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.9 to 99.96
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0.040 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0 to 0.015
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0