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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. Grade CY40 Nickel

SAE-AISI 4320 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CY40 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is grade CY40 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1300
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
55
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
260

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
14 to 17
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
0 to 11
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
67 to 86
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030