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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1045 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4320 steel and SAE-AISI 1045 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 240
180 to 190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
13 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
220 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 500
380 to 410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
620 to 680
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
330 to 580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
84 to 93
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
300 to 900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
22 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
21 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
20 to 22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0.43 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
98.5 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050