SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. AISI 205 Stainless Steel
Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and AISI 205 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 205 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 210 to 360 | |
| 210 to 440 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 to 22 | |
| 11 to 51 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 740 | |
| 410 to 640 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 430 to 770 | |
| 560 to 850 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 1280 | |
| 800 to 1430 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 470 to 1150 | |
| 450 to 1100 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 880 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 18 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.5 | |
| 11 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.6 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 37 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 53 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 79 to 170 | |
| 150 to 430 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 590 to 3490 | |
| 510 to 3060 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 45 | |
| 29 to 52 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 33 | |
| 25 to 37 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 38 | |
| 16 to 29 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.38 to 0.43 | |
| 0.12 to 0.25 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 16.5 to 18.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.1 to 96.3 | |
| 62.6 to 68.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.8 | |
| 14 to 15.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 1.0 to 1.7 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.32 to 0.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |