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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. AISI 304Cu Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and AISI 304Cu stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304Cu stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 360
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 770
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
13
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
3.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
17 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
63.9 to 72
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
8.0 to 10
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030