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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. AISI 314 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and AISI 314 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 55% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 314 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 360
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 770
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
4.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
62
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
23 to 26
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
46.7 to 56.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
19 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.5 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030