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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. EN 1.0031 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and EN 1.0031 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.0031 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 360
89
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 770
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
78
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
11
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
13
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
9.8

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
98.8 to 100
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045